ENGLISH IS USEFUL & FUNNY: 2012

domingo, 2 de diciembre de 2012

PRONUNCIATION OF -ED

The question is: How do we pronounce the -ed?

The answer is: In 3 ways - / Id/ or / t/ or / d/

If the base verb ends in one of thesesounds:		*example base verb:**	example with -ed:	pronounce the -ed:	extra syllable?
unvoiced	/t/	want	wanted	/ Id/	yes
voiced	/d/	end	ended	/ Id/	yes
unvoiced	/p/	hope	hoped	/ t/	no
	/f/	laugh	laughed
	/s/	fax	faxed
	/S/	wash	washed
	/tS/	watch	watched
	/k/	like	liked
voiced	all other sounds, for example...	play	played	/ d/
		allow	allowed
		beg	begged

* note that it is the sound that is important, not the letter or spelling. For example, "fax" ends in the letter "x" but the sound /s/; "like" ends in the letter "e" but the sound /k/.

Si la pronunciación de los verbos termina con "d" o " t"	la "ed" se pronuncia como "id"

to visit (vísit) - visitar	visited (vísitid)
to start (stáart) - empezar	started (stáartid)
to want (wónt) - querer	wanted (wóntid)
to add (ád) - añadir, agregar	added (ádid)
to hate (jéit) - odiar, detestar	hated (jéitid)
to rent (rént) - alquilar	rented (réntid)
to arrest (arrést) - arrestar	arrested (arréstid)
to wait (wéit) - esperar	waited (wéitid)
to rest (rést) - descanzar	rested (réstid)
to accept (aksépt) - aceptar	accepted (akséptid)
to eliminate (elíminéit) - eliminar	eliminated (elíminéitid)
to decide (disáid) - decidir	decided (disáidid)
to repeat (ripít) - repetir	repeated (ripítid)

Si la pronunciación de los verbos termina en "r", " n", " i" o "l"	la "ed" se pronuncia como "d"

to discover (discóver) - descubrir	discovered (discóverd)
to conquer (cónker) - conquistar	conquered (cónkerd)
to notify (nóutifái) - notificar	notified (nóutifáid)
to specify (spécifái) - especificar	specified (spécifáid)
to explore (eksplóor) - explorar	explored (eksplóord)
to destroy (distrói) - destruir	destroyed (distróid)
to sweeten (suíten) - endulzar	sweetened (suítend)
to blacken (bláken) - ennegrecer	blackened (blákend)
to prefer (priféer) - preferir	prefered (priféerd)
to combine (combáin) - combinar	combined (combáind)
to study (stáadi) - estudiar	studied (stáadid)
to stay (stéi) - permanecer	stayed (stéid)
to answer (ánser) - responder	answered (ánserd)
to clean (clíin) - limpiar	cleaned (clíind)
to call (cóol) - llamar	called (cóold)
to listen (lísn) - escuchar	listened (lísnd)

Con el resto de las terminaciones:	la "ed" se pronuncia como "t"

to talk (tók) - hablar	talked (tókt)
to walk (uók) - caminar	walked (uókt)
to work (wéerk) - trabajar	worked (wéerkt)
to love (lóv) - amar	loved (lóvt)
to receive (ricíiv) - recibir	received (ricíivt)
to help (jélp) - ayudar, socorrer	helped (jélpt)
to cook (kúk) - cocinar	cooked (kúkt)
to live (lív) - vivir	lived (lívt)
to dance (dáns) - bailar	danced (dánst)
to smoke (smóuk) - fumar	smoked (smóukt)
to arrive (arráiv) - llegar	arrived (arráivt)
to wash (wósh) - lavar	washed (wósht)
to fix (fíks) - arreglar, preparar	fixed (fíkst)
to park (páark) - estacionar	parked (páarkt)
to miss (mis) - extrañar, perder	missed (míst)
to exercise (éksersáis) - hacer ejercicio	exercised (éksersáist)